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Carbolite.

Carbolite is a brand of activated carbon.

Carbolite is a brand of activated carbon

It is special activated carbon (charcoal = activated carbon).

It can be produced from any plant organic matter rich in carbon:

  • wood,
  • bark,
  • wood pulp,
  • coconut hulls,
  • peanut shells,
  • olive pits,
  • or coal,
  • peat,
  • lignite,
  • etc.

 

Here are the 2 steps that allow the production of real activated carbon:

  • 1st stage, calcination:
    • calcination step or carbonization (or pyrolysis), high temperature, of constituent materials.
  • 2nd step, activation:
    • increase the adsorption capacity,
      remove tar that clogs pores by two separate processes:

1. Physical activation.
New combustion with thermal shock (at 900 to 1000 ° C).

    • Performed in a stream of air and water vapor,
    • pressure injection (controlled oxidation process),
    • creation of millions of microscopic cells on the surface of the coal,
    • increased surface area and its adsorption power.

This process produces a coal with narrow pores.

 

2. Chemical activation.
With phosphoric acid between 400 ° C and 500 ° C.

This process produces a larger pore carbon.

The pore diameter depends on the raw material used:
  • very dense coconut and wood shells produce micropores (<2 nm),
  • medium to white wood produce mesopores (between 2 and 50 nm),  or macro pores (> 50 nm).

Charcoal made in all countries that have wood resources (wood, nut shells, bark, twigs and leaves, …).

Properties.

The surface developed by activated carbon is enormous:

  • one gram of activated carbon has a specific surface of between 400 and 2,500 m².

It is hydrophobic.

The adsorption of gases requires pores of 1 to 2 nm.

To adsorb in liquids, pores of 2 to 10 nm are sufficient.

Activated charcoal powder (like charcoal) is very messy.


Uses.

Sanitary applications.

Decontamination of drinking water and air
Activated carbon retains a large number of organic compounds, such as pesticides.

This usage is 20% of the global market.

Examples:

  • Cartridges for gas masks.
  • Cigarette filters.
  • Cartridge filters:
    • ventilation systems in closed circuit (eg kitchen),
    • filtration of organic pollutants (aquariums),
    • purification (drug treatments).

 

Chemical applications.

Widely used in many chemical applications:

  • Removal of chlorine in water:
    • potable water,
    • food liquids (beer, soft drinks, etc.).
  • Chlorine from chlorinated oxidants:
    • chlorine = Cl2,
    • hypochlorous acid = HClO,
    • hypochlorite = NaClO [ClO-] is reduced to chlorides [Cl-] by a catalytic action.

Liquid effluent treatment:

  • Remove the pigments from the grape skin and color the juice.
  • Discolor the sugar.
  • Remove the caffeine from the coffee.
  • Store hydrogen (nano fibers of activated carbon or carbon derivatives).
  • Catalytic support for metals:
    • platinum on activated carbon,
    • nickel on activated carbon.
  • Eliminate the hydrocarbons.

 

Industry.
  • Gold mining ores (fixation on activated carbon).
  • Hydrogen storage (activated carbon nano fibers or derivatives of coal).
  • Brushes (rubbing) in generators and motors (use of increasingly rare).
  • Compose the super capacitors.

 

Medicine.
  • Poisoning by absorption of toxic substances.
  • Food poisoning by virus or bacteria (salmonella, staphylococcus, listeria, etc.).
  • Antidote in case of intoxication by drugs, narcotics, alkaloids, agricultural chemicals (organic phosphorus …), heavy metals, detergents, organic solvents.
    • Recommended in antidepressant intoxications, such as:
      • tricyclic antidepressants,
      • chloroquine,
      • paraquat,
      • barbiturates,
      • colchicine,
      • phenothiazines,
      • benzodiazepines,
      • digitalis,
      • salicylates,
      • beta-blockers,
      • meprobamate,
      • theophylline,
      • carbamazepine,
      • paracetamol,
      • etc.

 

Gastroenterology.
  • Digestive purification.
    • Lowering of total cholesterol and LDL2 levels.
  • Diarrhea.
    • Activated charcoal is a constipating anti diarrhea. Active against the following symptoms:
      • heartburn,
      • flatulence,
      • gastroenteritis,
      • gastralgia,
      • intestinal infection,
      • constipation,
      • gurgling,
      • intestinal fermentation.
    • Used as a poultice against poisonous bites (snake venom, bee stings, spider or sea anemone bites).
  • Charcoal from Belloc (pharmacies and organic food stores).
    • In the event of intoxication, prompt medical advice remains essential.
    • Activated charcoal has no taste, odor or unpleasant effect.
    • Used in the absence of active peptic ulcer or intestinal obstruction.
    • There are few contraindications, except those related to diarrhea medications.
    • Very well tolerated, even at high doses. Rapid and very effective adsorption upon ingestion.
    • Activated carbon is incompatible with drug treatments (adsorbs active molecules). Postpone the taking of activated charcoal by 2 or 3 hours with the taking of other drugs.
    • Unactivated charcoal does not interact with any concomitant medication.
  • Incompatible with the contraceptive pill in women.
  • Recyclable by incineration or by land amendment.
    regenerations:

    • by steam treatment (900 ° C),
    • acidic or alkaline washes (5 to 15% loss).

 

Benefits summary:

  • actively filters out micro contaminants,
  • absorbs organic and inorganic elements,
  • reduces chloramines (chlorine odor),
  • purifies water from most residual pollution,
  • clarifies the waters (clear and crystalline),
  • decreases the ammonium level,
  • captures many heavy metals,
  • purifies,
  • disinfected,
  • compatible with most disinfectants,
  • practical storage and packaging.

 

Used in synergy with the following equipment:

Compatible with most other brands of equipment for processing liquids.